Genji Paper Cultural structures - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 8 Words: 2290 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2017/09/16 Category Analytics Essay Type Argumentative essay Did you like this example? Genji Paper Cultural structures are often very complex and unique guidelines that vary across the globe. These cultural aspects provide a prominent background into the lives of each society respectfully, as seen often throughout the historic piece of literature, The Tale of Genji. Three crucial aspects depicted in the novel’s progression are the role of women, Buddhism, and the political configuration, each containing positive and negative attributes prevalent in the tale. China was a powerful nation at the time, and during this age, these three societal concepts were important, yet controversial at times. These concepts can all be related directly back to the central character, Genji, along with the other vital people who, not surprisingly, have a connection in some way to Genji. The author, Murasaki Shikibu, strives, and successfully achieves in the unravelling of these three topics, and their roles in the story. Almost immediately the reader discovers foreshadowi ng which shows that women will especially play a large role in the life of Genji. Genji is referred to as â€Å"a beautiful son, jewel beyond compare† (4), which demonstrates how highly Genji was portrayed from an early age, and shows that if Genji was considered a fine man at this age, once Genji developed and his life progressed, women would figure prominently in his life. The beauty of Genji never really vanishes, as he has good looks throughout his entire life and as a result, never really has issues meeting women and having intimate relationships with them. Genji is not content to settle for just one woman, as he always searches for multiple women to satisfy different needs, each of who possesses their own unique qualities – qualities he cannot find in other women. Since Genji always strives for multiple partners, each woman throughout the tale plays a different role, and impacts Genji’s life and the story in a completely different way. For example, A oi is the daughter of the Minister to the Left, and is arranged to be married to Genji. This relationship carries no real aspect of love on the part of Genji, as he often neglects Aoi and goes off to be with other women. Only when she becomes pregnant and ill does Genji become a real part of her life, spending time with her, caring for her, with the hope of coming close to her, which in turn just shows the negative aspect of Genji’s personality. Aoi appears to serve no legitimate purpose in Genji’s, since she is neglected until much later. Genji displays no signs of affection until Aoi becomes pregnant and sick, which shows that once she is at her weak and desperate state, Genji only then shows compassion for her. This could be a sign of guilt on Genji’s. Another woman, simply known as Evening Faces, also fills a female role, though it is significantly different from Aoi’s. Genji becomes much more intimate with this woman, although Evening Faces giv es off a very mysterious feeling. Genji notices her striking beauty upon first glance, and longs to discover more about this unknown commodity that is Evening Faces. The forbidden aspect makes this relationship much more unique, as Evening Faces plays the societal role of a commoner, keeping their relationship hidden to prevent scandals and shame from entering Genji’s life. Evening Faces however, mysteriously dies after their intimate encounter, leading Genji down a path of struggling and questioning the circumstances surrounding her death. Evening Faces seems to represent that mysterious, yet forbidden woman that Genji almost lusted for, and she seems to definitely have mental power over Genji, an almost spiritual state. Genji is entranced with her amazing beauty, and the fact her death impacts him emotionally shows that Genji felt very differently about her than other women. Finally, Genji’s relationship with Murasaki, a young girl who Genji takes into his life and acts as a father figure, is unique to say the least. He attempts to mould her much like a doll into a woman who would possess all the qualities Genji strived for in a woman. He grows to love her, but then begins to fall in love with her, which impedes their relationship. Murasaki often doesn’t wish to see Genji or speak to him, so their relationship is troubled at times, but also quite strong and passionate. Genji wants her in the role of the perfect woman, but Murasaki hopes for different things. Murasaki is envisioned by Genji to be the ideal women, so evidently Genji wants her to be an intrinsic part of his life, and therefore spends a lot of time pursuing Murasaki, though her daughter role and the role of possible lover alters the way Genji pursues her. Murasaki has the power to resist however, and she at times neglects Genji, which occasionally upsets him. This could parallel how Genji treats Aoi as often times, Murasaki does not want Genji to be part of her li fe. Each of these three examples clearly outlines the different roles and influences women play throughout Genji’s life, and each one has the power to bring out different emotions and characteristics in Genji. Buddhism, a group of beliefs and practices which make up a prominent religion founded by Siddhartha Guatama, plays an imperative role in the court system. While the court systems tend to rule through aristocracy, an important few citizens rule, in a manner where most people of power are hereditary elite or have been elected by those who rule based on the vital qualities certain people possess. One example of Buddhism playing a large role in the life of aristocracy occurs when Genji becomes exiled from the land. Genji’s father-in-law, the minister, an elderly, yet very powerful individual, speaks to Genji about his actions prior to their conversation. The minister says â€Å"when I see how things are with you, I know all too painfully what a sad day I have come on at the end of too long a life. I would have expected the world to end before this was allowed to happen, and I see not a ray of light in it at all. (238) Clearly, Genji has fallen out of favour with those in power, especially the way Genji treated the minister’s daughter, Aoi. Eventually, Genji’s exile begins to connect to the concept of Buddhism, as horrific weather conditions strike Genji and the few people with him as they journey across the land. Thunderstorms and rain fill the sky for days on end, in a way unknown to many people. Such a travesty could be explained as a form of punishment for Genji’s inappropriate actions. The connection between Buddhism and aristocracy is clear, as this example shows how a person’s action could anger those in power, and thus also anger the spirits. The violations of Buddhism could lead to these punishments. Buddhism therefore, plays a large role at a crucial aspect of the story, as Genji’s exile mar ks the start of a new life, or at least gives him some perspective of how fortunate he was to grow up with so much power and potential. To be n favour with so many people, but just ask quickly, acting in a manner that disturbs not only those of power in the aristocracy, but also the higher power, shows that Buddhism is the centralized religion and is taken very seriously by those who pursue a good life, as many would fear the consequences of their actions. Another event that shows how Buddhism can be related to aristocracy occurs to the Second Emperor, who describes a dream of him with his father, where his father speaks predominately about Genji to Emperor #2. Deeply troubled, the emperor tells of his dream on a stormy night about things that were on his mind. The emperor’s eyes meet the eyes of his angry father, which leads to a very serious and painful eye ailment. Besides that, Kokiden’s father dies, Kokiden herself becomes ill, and worsens as the days pass. The emperor believes that â€Å"so long as an innocent Genji was off in the wilderness, he fears, he must suffer. † (299) As a result, the emperor suggests that Genji be restored to his old rank and position (299). Though Genji’s actions are somewhat despicable and distasteful, the spirit of the second emperor’s father takes action and punishes his son for what he did to Genji, and the treatment of Genji, mainly exiling him. Buddhism plays a very interesting role throughout the story, as Buddhism effectively punishes Genji for his mistreatment of women and his lack of respect for his position and those who have high praise for him. However, Buddhism later punishes the 2nd emperor primarily because the spirit of his father is upset for the exile of Genji. It appears that at the time, not one person is really safe with their actions, and if they went against the grain, the consequences would fit the crime. Buddhism serves as a guideline for living a pure, effic ient, and respectful lifestyle. If this doesn’t occur, the spirits become enraged and deal with this not only to let those people suffer, but also to help them learn from their mistakes and fix the way of life toward a better path, and ultimately move them through the caste system. To elaborate on the influence of the caste system, Buddhism also helps to establish the caste system in society. There is that responsibility to help others in order to move higher in the system through each caste level until a person reaches nirvana. Several examples from the book include when Genji reads the Lotus Sutra during the birth of Aoi’s child and also when Aoi is on the verge of dying. Another example occurs when the priests perform an exorcism on her when the spirit of the Rokujo Lady tries to kill her. A spirit exiting one’s body without the knowledge of that person is an example of Buddhism, and Lady Rokujo is unaware of what she has done until she realizes she smells of poppy seeds, which are used during the exorcism process. The political aspect, which was previously touched on when connected to Buddhism, shows a deep history of aristocracy, keeping only a small number of people to rule over the rest of the population. The emperor has control, with the imperial family also possessing a respectable amount of power. Also, the ministers have political power as well, and many of these time periods tend to keep the power within the family, passing on certain positions, such as prince or emperor, to a son or a descendent of the person previously in power. In the book, we see toward the end that the Lady Shokyoden, the daughter of the Minister to the Right, has a son, ho at the time is considered far too young for the throne (306). It shows that it was favourable that once a family obtained power, any attempts to keep that power within their own lineage would be considered. Membership in aristocracy, such as China at this time, is not based on ach ievement, intelligence, or moral growth, which often meant that power wouldn’t necessarily be placed into the hands of the most deserving or the most efficient. This is a key reason that aristocracy was generally unsuccessful and often times considered a failure of government. To restate the example above, upon Genji’s illustrious return, the son that is too young eventually becomes crown prince and Genji becomes a minister (319). This shows that keeping the power with the royal lineage is crucial and even if, for example, a person is exiled, like Genji, the likelihood of coming into future power is possible. However, disagreements often occur in the courts, such is the case of Genji, who often not only neglects Aoi, but also neglects court meetings in order to woo and become intimate with other women. Since he becomes exiled, this definitely bothers some people, such as the Minister to the Right. However, this does not sit well with others, including his father, who appears to him through a dream, and causes him horrible pain and those important in his life. Also, the people who welcome and praise Genji upon his return, and the fact Genji is almost instantly made a minister shows that people of power will often disagree or have different opinions about a person or topic. Genji falling out of favour with the council, and those who rule at the time shows however, that the powerful are stern with their actions, and will take the necessary precautions with anyone who could possibly cause disruptions. Many people are disgusted with how Genji would court many different women, and have affairs while he was not only married, but expecting a child as well. This reflects badly on the family, especially a family who at first considers Genji to be a magnificent son who could do great things one day. It causes shame and embarrassment, as it reflects on how the child was raised by the parents, and how the parents let these actions take place. These c rucial aspects depicted during the novel’s progression (the role of women, Buddhism, and the political configuration) each contain positive and negative attributes prevalent in the tale. These concepts, mainly connected to the central character, Genji, along with the other vital people, who not surprisingly, have a connection in some way to Genji, also show a complex connection each other, as presented above. The author, Murasaki Shikibu, strives, and successfully achieves the unravelling of these three topics, and their roles in the story. Bibliography Shikibu, Murasaki. The Tale of Genji. Published by Vintage Books: New York, NY. 1976. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Genji Paper Cultural structures" essay for you Create order

Self Awareness And Self Acceptance - 904 Words

Individuals are uniquely composed of characteristic traits, defining who they are and how they are perceived. Robbins, Decenzo, and Coulter (2015) defines personality as â€Å"the unique combination of emotional, thought, and behavioral patterns that affect how a person reacts to a situations and interacts with others† (pg. 254). Comprehending the facets of personality is the underling factor acquired to increase self awareness and self acceptance. It is the fundamental aspect of identifying individual strengths, weaknesses, and opportunities for personal growth. Robbins et al. (2015) outlines motivation as â€Å"the process by which a person’s effort are energized, directed and abstained toward attaining a goal† (pg. 309). In management, distinguishing personality variables is essential to eliciting maximum potential and motivation within the workplace. Olsen and Webber (as cited in West, Rhoden, Robinson, Castle, St Clair Gibson, 2016) concludes motivati on focuses on an individuals’ desire for their goals whereas personality relates to processes and priorities of drives in achieving goal (pg. 28). This dissertation will highlight the direct correlation between personality and motivation in an individual case study, establishing the most vital, effective methodology to stimulate productivity. Myers-Briggs Type Indictor Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) is one of the most commonly, trusted personality test utilized in the workforce. It categorizes personality into fourShow MoreRelatedSynthesis: Neo-Freudianism . One Of The Most Influential1737 Words   |  7 Pagesbehavior through self-awareness, acceptance and desire; man is an ever-evolving, developing and changing being. 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Plato vs. Nietzsche Free Essays

Johnny Lee Plato versus Nietzsche The central ideas that two great philosophers, Plato and Friedrich Nietzsche, talked about were the reality and appearance; and what they mainly focused on is where we as humans stand between these two. Of course, regarding the fact that Plato and Nietzsche lived in different time periods, they had their differences that conflict with each other’s theories. But they do have something to agree upon; they both argue that humans live in an illusory world of our own that we think is reality when we actually are not. We will write a custom essay sample on Plato vs. Nietzsche or any similar topic only for you Order Now One important idea they disagree on is their concepts on what is reality and what is truth. Plato’s theory is mostly based on his cave allegory where he explains human’s conditions. I will explain the similarities and differences between Plato and Nietzsche through the cave allegory. Starting from a base point, Plato and Nietzsche both state that there are deceptions and illusions in the world. First, according to the cave allegory by Plato, he believes the â€Å"shadows†(Plato 64) to be what’s keeping us from utilizing our knowledge to its fullest value. The â€Å"shadows† are metaphors that represent our acts of relying on our senses to identify objects in life. They are only the appearances of the actual objects, meaning that we are not getting the genuine concept that is concealed by the appearances. He explains that the objects humans see in the visible world are far from the truth and their true forms. On the contrary, Nietzsche does not believe that the â€Å"shadows† are actually what Plato says they are. Although Nietzsche does believe that there are illusions in the world that humans are commonly deceived by, he argues that what deceives us in the world is our language and not the appearances of objects. He explains that concepts are the main cause that deceives humans because â€Å"a concept is produced by overlooking what is individual and real†(Nietzsche 878). And this is where language part comes in. The language helps creating concepts to objects, making it harder for humans to comprehend the â€Å"original entities† (Nietzsche 877) of the objects. Words are only â€Å"metaphors of things† (Nietzsche 877) to identify them but nothing more. Words do not hold any meanings or the true essence of the objects. The only purpose of words is so that humans can agree on the same things and get things done; create consistency in our lives. In terms of ruth in objects, Plato believes that once humans are out the cave we will be able to see the truth in things and know logic and reasoning. He argues that the only way to grasp the real meanings of objects is to rationalize everything and not rely on our senses (Plato 66). If all humans use logic to define everything and not guess what they would represent, then we would all be in the intelligible realm. On the other hand, Nietzsche has a very different take on the subject matter of truth. In fact, he argues that there are nothing more real than things that visibly and physically exist in the world; things that are accessible. This is why he does not believe in the intelligible realm or the real reality. He believes that we are already in reality. His main case is that those things that exist in the world â€Å"know neither forms nor concepts. †(Nietzsche 878); and therefore there is no reality, meanings, concepts or even truth within these objects. Nietzsche believes that the only truth existing in our lives is the agreement through language. We have put labels and titles on objects so that we would be able to agree upon identifying those objects without any conflicts or disagreement. Steven Wallace delivers a similar point through his poem, â€Å"Metaphors of a Magnifico†. The basic summary of this poem is that there are â€Å"Twenty men crossing a bridge/ Into a village† (Stevens) and the speaker, Stevens or the Magnifico, is trying to find the meaning behind these twenty crossing the bridge. The problem that Stevens had was the words that were used by someone else to describe the twenty men. These twenty men could be perceived as twenty men crossing twenty bridges for each man could experience crossing the bridge very differently. It can also be seen as one man crossing the bridge if they all had the same purpose of why they are crossing the bridge. Ultimately, these men will look like one single man. Stevens could not find the true meaning of his own behind these other people’s descriptions of the twenty men. He starts using words like â€Å"white wall† and â€Å"fruit-trees† to grasp the real meaning of these men crossing the bridge but no matter how hard he tries â€Å"the meaning escapes†(Stevens). This poem perfectly supports Nietzsche’s theory in the sense that, words are only metaphors to describe objects. Words cannot hold concepts for objects do not have real meanings behind them. After all, Stevens and even Nietzsche would say that it is simply â€Å"Twenty men crossing a bridge/ Into a village† with no concepts attached. Going back to the cave allegory, Plato says that humans think the â€Å"shadows† are the truth behind the objects when they are only appearances. Now if Nietzsche would critique the allegory he would find certain things accurate and other things to be false. One thing he would agree upon is the deception that humans are getting. One big idea on the allegory that Nietzsche would definitely disagree on is the outside world or the intelligible realm for he does not believe that we are not living in reality right now. He does not believe that we are in the cave. If Nietzsche would roughly create an allegory for his view on the world and human conditions he would first scrap the whole idea of being in the cave and the outside world. In Nietzsche’s allegory, there is a group of men freely standing outside in nature. And everything in nature is labeled with a card on them: â€Å"trees†, â€Å"flowers†, â€Å"grass† and so on. As each of the men looks at these objects, they will see the same objects but different distorted shadows. These men, thinking that there are more meanings and concepts beyond theses words on the cards, will have different shapes of the shadows in their heads, due to different perceptions. However in reality, the shadows of the objects will flawlessly match the shapes of the actual objects, meaning that what you see is what you get: there are no hidden concepts. Although Plato and Nietzsche may have differences on the matter of truth, they are able to find a common ground between their theories: it is that humans could not be living deeper in an illusory world right now. How to cite Plato vs. Nietzsche, Papers

Stock Picks Essay Example For Students

Stock Picks Essay Term PaperBefore I recommend a security, it is necessary for me to establish a few assumptions about the nature of my investment perspective. I am 22 years of age and therefore am less averse to risk. Therefore, my investment time horizon is very long due to my age. My first stock pick is based upon the previous assumptions and also the following one; Economic activity proceeds at a brisk rate as in 1999. Since this would indicate a bull market, I would choose a stock in the technology sector. I choose Gateway, ticker symbol (GTW). In the months to come, this company will start flooding the market with what is known as Internet Appliances, or IA’s. These are inexpensive network computers with the network being the Internet. They will cater to consumers who want Web access but don’t want the cost, technical problems, and maintenance that comes with a PC. However. That doesn’t necessarily mean PC’s are going away in the foreseeable future Gateway plans on making profit from these IA’s by signing deals with communications giants like America Online to be ISP’s. GTW recently traded at $56 a share, with a P/E of 30.6. This equals an EPS of $1.83. In my next stock-pick, I still presume the assumptions in the first paragraph, and also I need to make a different assumption; Continued economic growth leads to an inflationary environment in 2000. For these economic conditions, I feel United Technologies Corporation, symbol (UTX), is an appropriate stock. One of the 30 stocks on the Dow Jones Industrials, United Technologies Corporation, based in Hartford, Connecticut, provides a broad range of high technology products and support services to the building systems and aerospace industries. Those products include Pratt Whitney aircraft engines, space propulsion systems and industrial gas turbines; Carrier heating, air conditioning and refrigeration; Otis elevator, escalator and people movers; Hamilton Sundstrand aerospace and industrial products; Sikorsky helicopters and International Fuel Cells power systems. In the news May 3, 2000, â€Å" Otis Elevator Co. landed a contract Tuesday worth more than $8 million to supply 31 elevators to the Hearst Tower building in Charlotte, N.C.† This is indicative of the activity this company will have into the future time horizon of the next few months. Thus being a blue-chip stock, it has been relatively stable the past few years as compared to the SP 500. In fact it has outperformed it consistently the past 5 years. The following graph indicates this point. As of April 28, 2000, UTX was trading at $62.19. In April of 1990, UTX was trading at around $13.65 a share. So by judging from the stability of this company one would expect, and rightfully so, this company to pay dividends. The last quarter ( Q 1 2000) will pay a dividend of $.20. In times of recession, a stock paying a regular dividend will appreciate in price. With UTX being at its 52-week low about a month ago at $46.50, the capital gains could at least be expected in the next couple of weeks. Interestingly enough, its 52-week high was almost exactly 52 weeks ago on May 11, 1999, at $75.97. Its P/E was 20.06 on April 28, 2000. This translates into an EPS of $3.10. UTX had a 17 percent increase in first quarter diluted earnings per share to $0.74 versus $0.63 in the prior year. Diluted earnings per share means all convertible securities and warrants are assumed to be exercised when they are reported in the companies’ financial statements. At the end of quarter 1, 2000, net income was $377 million, 22 percent above the $308 million reported in 1999. Revenues for the quarter were $6.4 billion, 17 percent higher than the prior year. Debt to capital ended the quarter at 38 percent, unchanged from the end of 1999. This is a favorable indicator, since increasing this ratio naturally indicates increased debt. I feel UTX is a generally wise purchase all around if you are looking for a generally safe stock. Its beta is .94, which means it is less volatile than the market and less subject to dramatic price fluctuations. I had the opportunity to have a tour of Sikorsky Aircraft located in Stratford, CT, as my Uncle is employed there. Sikorsky, which is a division of UTX, is a defense contractor. During periods of inflation, a period of recession is sure to follow. Defense stocks are desirable to have in one’s portfolio during recessions, and the time to buy them would be before a recession, hence purchase during inflationMy final stock pick once again as sumes the aforementioned circumstances in the first paragraph and one other: Year 2000 computer problems lead to a deep recession in 2000. If it is in fact the middle of a deep recession, you are probably most concerned about meeting those expenses necessary for sustenance. If, however, a stock were needed to be purchased now in anticipation of a deep recession, I would buy any blue-chip stock. Since I must pick one, I think Enron ( symbol ENE) is a relatively stable choice. Enron is in the natural gas and power market. Since the recent rise in prices of petroleum products, natural gas is looking more and more attractive. They also happen to be building a 20,000 mile fiber optic communication system with Sun Microsystems. As of January 28, 2000. Its price was $64.88 with a P/E of 43.6. Those numbers rose to $76 and a P/E of 62 on May 3, 2000. That is already a substantial increase in the first quarter of 2000. However, I feel the stock is undervalued. Fiber optics will be increasing in demand in the next few years once broadband width is increased. With a head start ENE has in size and reach, this stock will be one to hold onto, even if a recession is to hit. Since it is in natural gas already, with a growth rate of 17% per year, those numbers are in fact only based on that sector of industry. Where it will emerge as a real winner will be in fiber optics as I already mentioned. I feel the price does not reflect that too accurately. .u49d1ca02f9294eee67fe7b4128a05857 , .u49d1ca02f9294eee67fe7b4128a05857 .postImageUrl , .u49d1ca02f9294eee67fe7b4128a05857 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u49d1ca02f9294eee67fe7b4128a05857 , .u49d1ca02f9294eee67fe7b4128a05857:hover , .u49d1ca02f9294eee67fe7b4128a05857:visited , .u49d1ca02f9294eee67fe7b4128a05857:active { border:0!important; } .u49d1ca02f9294eee67fe7b4128a05857 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u49d1ca02f9294eee67fe7b4128a05857 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u49d1ca02f9294eee67fe7b4128a05857:active , .u49d1ca02f9294eee67fe7b4128a05857:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u49d1ca02f9294eee67fe7b4128a05857 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u49d1ca02f9294eee67fe7b4128a05857 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u49d1ca02f9294eee67fe7b4128a05857 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u49d1ca02f9294eee67fe7b4128a05857 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u49d1ca02f9294eee67fe7b4128a05857:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u49d1ca02f9294eee67fe7b4128a05857 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u49d1ca02f9294eee67fe7b4128a05857 .u49d1ca02f9294eee67fe7b4128a05857-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u49d1ca02f9294eee67fe7b4128a05857:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Pornography - Its Place In Our Society EssayBusiness